-40%
A 3D reconstruction of upper limb angiography, whether of the right, left, or both limbs, provides a detailed visualization of the vascular network supplying the arm, forearm, and hand. This model traces the arterial pathway beginning typically with the subclavian artery, which transitions into the axillary artery as it passes beneath the clavicle and through the axilla. The reconstruction then follows the brachial artery, the major vessel of the upper arm, which runs alongside the humerus and bifurcates into the radial and ulnar arteries at the elbow. These arteries are depicted coursing through the forearm, with the radial artery aligning along the lateral aspect and the ulnar artery along the medial side, eventually converging to form the superficial and deep palmar arches in the hand. Smaller branches, such as the interosseous arteries and digital arteries, are also visible, illustrating the intricate blood supply to the muscles, bones, and skin. The venous system may be included, showing the superficial veins like the cephalic and basilic veins draining into the deeper axillary and subclavian veins. This 3D angiographic view highlights the vessels’ tortuous paths, diameters, and any potential anomalies like stenoses or occlusions, offering critical insights for diagnosing vascular conditions such as thrombosis, aneurysms, or peripheral artery disease. The reconstruction’s clarity aids in preoperative planning for interventions like angioplasty or bypass grafting, emphasizing the upper limb’s reliance on this robust yet delicate circulatory framework.
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